GeneScope

A gene involved in DNA repair; mutations increase breast and ovarian cancer risk.

A tumor suppressor gene often mutated in cancer; known as the "guardian of the genome".

Associated with Alzheimer's disease; has three main variants: ε2, ε3, and ε4.

The building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

The structure of DNA, consisting of two strands that wind around each other like a twisted ladder.

Two nitrogenous bases bonded together in DNA or RNA; A-T and C-G in DNA.

The process by which a segment of DNA is copied into mRNA.

The process where ribosomes use mRNA to assemble amino acids into a protein.

A cellular structure that assembles proteins by translating mRNA.

A segment of DNA that contains the instructions to make a protein or perform a function.

A different form of the same gene, typically inherited from each parent.

The genetic makeup of an individual, such as AA, Aa, or aa.

The physical traits or expression resulting from a genotype.

A thread-like structure made of DNA that carries genes; humans have 23 pairs.

A change in a DNA sequence that can affect how a gene works.

An allele that masks the effect of a recessive allele; expressed even if only one copy is present.

An allele that is only expressed when both alleles are the same (homozygous).

Having two identical alleles for a gene, like AA or aa.

Having two different alleles for a gene, like Aa.

Deoxyribonucleic acid; carries genetic instructions for all living things.

A molecule that helps decode DNA into proteins; includes mRNA and tRNA.

Molecule made from amino acids that performs many functions in the body.

A three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

The complete set of an organism’s DNA, including all its genes.